DLSS and FSR: Upscaling Technologies Explained

What are DLSS and FSR?

DLSS (Deep Learning Super Sampling) is Nvidia's upscaling technology, available on GeForce RTX graphics cards. It uses AI to reconstruct a higher-resolution image from a lower-resolution input, which can boost frame rates. FSR (FidelityFX Super Resolution) is AMD's equivalent, designed to work on a broader range of GPUs, including some integrated graphics. Both aim to deliver better performance without sacrificing visual quality.

The core idea is simple: instead of rendering every pixel at your monitor's full resolution, the GPU renders at a lower resolution and then upscales the image. This reduces the workload on the graphics card, allowing for higher frame rates. The upscaling process uses either AI (in DLSS) or a spatial algorithm (in FSR) to fill in the missing details.

How Upscaling Boosts Frame Rates

When a game renders at a lower resolution, the GPU has fewer pixels to process. This directly reduces the computational load, which can lead to higher frame rates. For example, rendering at 1080p and upscaling to 1440p requires less GPU power than rendering natively at 1440p. The result is smoother gameplay, especially on mid-range graphics cards.

The quality of the upscaled image depends on the technology. DLSS uses AI models trained on high-quality images, which can produce results that look close to native resolution. FSR uses a spatial upscaling algorithm that analyzes the image and attempts to reconstruct edges and details. Both are effective, but the visual outcome can vary by game and settings. For a gaming PC that handles these technologies well, see our best 1440p gaming PCs.

Frame Generation Explained

Frame generation is a separate feature that works alongside upscaling. Instead of just upscaling the current frame, the GPU uses AI to create entirely new frames between rendered ones. This can multiply the frame rate, making motion appear smoother. DLSS Frame Generation is available on RTX 40 and 50 series GPUs, while FSR 3 offers similar functionality on compatible hardware.

Frame generation works by analyzing the motion between two rendered frames and predicting what an intermediate frame would look like. This is particularly useful for high-refresh-rate monitors, as it can help achieve the frame rates needed to take advantage of a 144Hz or 240Hz display. However, it requires a capable GPU and may introduce some input latency, which is why it's often paired with latency-reduction technologies. To get the most from frame generation, pair your PC with a high-refresh-rate monitor.

DLSS Versions and Features

Nvidia has evolved DLSS over several generations. The latest RTX 50 series GPUs support DLSS 5, which includes features like 3D-Guided Neural Rendering and Dynamic Multi Frame Generation. Dynamic Multi Frame Generation can generate up to five frames per rendered frame, which can significantly boost performance in supported games.

Older RTX GPUs support earlier versions of DLSS, such as DLSS 3 on the RTX 40 series and DLSS 2 on RTX 20 and 30 series. Each version adds new capabilities, but the core upscaling and frame generation features remain available. When choosing a gaming PC, the GPU model determines which DLSS features you can use. For a detailed comparison of DLSS and FSR, see our Learn article on DLSS vs FSR.

FSR Compatibility and Advantages

FSR is designed to be more hardware-agnostic than DLSS. It can run on a wide range of GPUs, including those from Nvidia, AMD, and Intel. This makes it a popular choice for budget gaming PCs or systems with integrated graphics. FSR 3 includes frame generation, which can be used on many GPUs, though the experience may vary.

The main advantage of FSR is its broad compatibility. If you have a gaming PC with a graphics card that doesn't support DLSS, FSR can still provide upscaling benefits. However, the quality of FSR's upscaling may not match DLSS on Nvidia GPUs, as DLSS leverages dedicated AI hardware (Tensor Cores) that FSR doesn't require. For budget-friendly options, check our best 1080p gaming PCs.

Choosing a Gaming PC with Upscaling

When selecting a gaming PC, consider which upscaling technology the graphics card supports. If you prefer Nvidia GPUs, look for RTX models that support DLSS. For AMD or Intel GPUs, check FSR compatibility. The choice depends on your budget and the games you play, as not all games support both technologies.

Also consider your monitor's resolution and refresh rate. Upscaling is most beneficial at higher resolutions like 1440p or 4K, where it can help maintain high frame rates. For 1080p gaming, upscaling can still help, but the benefits may be less noticeable. Pairing a capable GPU with a high-refresh-rate monitor can maximize the advantages of these technologies. Explore our 4K gaming PC picks for high-resolution play, or consult our guide on refresh rates.

What to pick for your play

Questions

What does DLSS stand for?

DLSS stands for Deep Learning Super Sampling. It's Nvidia's AI-powered upscaling technology that renders games at a lower resolution and reconstructs a higher-resolution image to boost frame rates. See our guide to DLSS support.

What does FSR stand for?

FSR stands for FidelityFX Super Resolution. It's AMD's upscaling technology that works on a wide range of GPUs, using a spatial algorithm to upscale images and improve performance.

Does FSR work on Nvidia GPUs?

Yes, FSR is designed to be hardware-agnostic and can run on Nvidia, AMD, and Intel GPUs. This makes it a versatile option for many gaming PCs.

What is frame generation?

Frame generation is a feature that uses AI to create additional frames between rendered ones, multiplying the frame rate. DLSS Frame Generation is available on RTX 40 and 50 series, while FSR 3 offers similar functionality.

Do I need a specific monitor for DLSS or FSR?

No, DLSS and FSR work with any monitor. However, to fully benefit from higher frame rates, a monitor with a high refresh rate (144Hz or more) is recommended. Learn more in our refresh rate guide.

Are DLSS and FSR available in all games?

No, game developers must implement these technologies. Many modern games support DLSS or FSR, but not all. Check the game's settings or official documentation for support.